The Stock Market Crash of | the great depression

The s pronounced "nineteen-eighties", commonly shortened as the " 80s " was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,and ended on December 31, The decade saw great socioeconomic change due to advances in technology and a worldwide move away from planned economies and towards laisse-faire capitalism. Many economists at the very least agree that the changing global economic trends of the s can be somewhat attributed to the " Reagan Boom ", which, in the s was a record setting era that produced more jobs and more economic expansion than any other time in U.

As economic liberalization increased in the developed world, multiple multinational corporations associated with the manufacturing industry relocated into ThailandMexicoSouth KoreaTaiwanand China. Japan and West Germany saw large economic growth during this decade.

The AIDS epidemic became recognized in the s and has since killed an estimated 39 million people as of The United Kingdom and the United States moved closer to supply-side economic policies beginning a trend towards global stability of international trade that would pick up more steam in the following decade as the fall of the USSR made right wing economic policy more popular.

The final decade of the Cold War opened with the US-Soviet confrontation continuing largely without any interruption. The world came perilously close to nuclear war for the first time since the Cuban Missile Crisis 20 years earlier, but the second half of the decade saw a dramatic easing of superpower tensions and ultimately the total collapse of Soviet communism.

Developing countries across the world faced economic and social difficulties as they suffered from multiple debt crises in the s, requiring many of these countries to apply for financial assistance from the International Monetary Fund IMF and the World Bank. Ethiopia witnessed widespread famine in the mids during the corrupt rule of Mengistu Haile Mariamresulting in the country having to depend on foreign aid to provide food to its population and worldwide efforts to address and raise money to help Ethiopians, such as the Live Aid concert in Major civil discontent and violence occurred in the Middle East, including the Iran—Iraq Warthe Soviet—Afghan Warthe Lebanon Warthe Nagorno-Karabakh Warthe Bombing of Libya inand the First Intifada in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.

Islamism became a powerful political force in the s and many terrorist organizations, including Al Qaeda started. Bynationalism was making a comeback in the Eastern Bloc and desire for democracy in communist-led socialist states combined with economic recession resulted in Mikhail Gorbachev 's glasnost and perestroikawhich reduced Communist Party power, legalized dissent and sanctioned limited forms of capitalism such as joint ventures with Western firms.

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After newly heated tension for most of the decade, by relations between the West and East had improved significantly [2] and the Soviet Union was increasingly unwilling to defend its governments in satellite states.

The Cold War ended in the early s with the successful Reunification of Germany and the USSR's demise after the August Coup of The s saw great advances in genetic and digital technology. After years of animal experimentation since the first genetic modification of 10 adult human beings took place in Maya gene tagging experiment [3] which led to the first true gene therapy implementation in September The first "designer babies", a pair of female twins were created in a laboratory in late and born in July after being sex-selected via the controversial assisted reproductive technology procedure preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

The s saw the advent of the ongoing practice of sex-selective abortion in China and India as ultrasound technology permitted parents to selectively abort baby girls. The global Internet took shape in academia by the second half of the s as well as many other computer networks of both academic and commercial use such as USENETFidonet and the Bulletin Board System. By the Internet and the networks linked to it were a global system with extensive transoceanic satellite links and nodes in most rich countries.

Television viewing became commonplace in the Third Worldwith the number of TV sets in China and India increasing by 15 and 10 times respectively. The most prominent armed conflicts of the decade include:. Names of country leaders shown below in bold face remained in power continuously throughout the entirety of the decade. Pope John Paul II. Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. The s had many fundamental advances in medicine and biology. The first surrogate pregnancy of an unrelated child took place on April 13,in Michigan.

Gene therapy techniques became established by the end of the s, allowing gene tagging and gene therapy to become a possibility, both of which were first performed in human beings in May and September respectively.

Arcade and video games had been growing in popularity since the late s, and by were a major industry. But a variety of factors, including a glut of low-quality games and the rise of home computers, caused a tremendous crash in late For the next three years, the video game market practically ceased to exist in the US.

But in the second half of the decade, it would be revived by Nintendowhose Famicom console and mascot Mario had been enjoying considerable success in Japan since The s are considered to be the decade when video games achieved massive popularity. In Pac-Man was introduced to the arcades, and became one of the most popular video games of all time.

Donkey Kongreleased inwas a smash arcade hit and market breakthrough for Nintendo. The personal computer experienced explosive growth in the s, transitioning from a hobbyist's toy to a full-fledged consumer product.

The IBM PC, launched inbecame the dominant computer for professional users. Commodore created the most popular home computers of both 8-bit and bit generations. MSX standard was the dominant computer platform in Japan and in most parts of Asia. Apple superseded its Apple II and Lisa models by introducing the first Macintosh computer in It was the first commercially successful personal computer to use a graphical user interface GUI and mouse[12] which started to become general features in computers after the middle of the decade.

IBMthe first model of the IBM PCwas released in The IBM PCs and compatible models from other vendors would become the most widely used computer systems in the world. Commodore 64with sales estimated at more than 17 million units in — became the best-selling computer model of all time. The Macintosh Kthe first commercially successful personal computer to use a graphical user interface, was introduced to the public in Walkman and boomboxesinvented during the late s, became very popular as they were introduced to various countries in the early s, and had a profound impact on the Music industry and youth culture.

Consumer VCRs and video rental stores became commonplace as VHS won out over the competing Betamax standard. In addition, in the early s various companies began selling compact, modestly priced synthesizers to the public.

This, along with the development of Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIDImade it easier to integrate and synchronize synthesizers and other electronic instruments, like drum machines, for use in musical composition.

High definition television HDTV of both the analog and digital variety were first developed in the s though their use did not become widespread until the mids. VHS won out over the competing Betamax standard. American interplanetary probes continued in the s, the Voyager duo being the most known.

After making a flyby of Jupiter inthey went near Saturn in — Voyager 2 reached Uranus in just a few days before the Challenger disasterand Neptune in before the probes exited the solar system. No American probes were launched to Mars in the s, and the Viking probes, launched there incompleted their operations by The Soviets launched two Mars probes inbut they failed.

The arrival of Halley's Comet in was met by a series of Soviet, Japanese and European Space Agency ESA probes, namely Halley Armada. After a five-year hiatus, manned American space flights resumed with the launch of the space shuttle Columbia in April The shuttle program progressed smoothly from there, with three more orbiters entering service in — But that all came to an end with the tragic loss of the Challenger STSL on January 28,taking with it seven astronauts, including Christa McAuliffe, who was to have been the first teacher in space.

In full view of the world, a faulty O-ring on the right solid rocket booster allowed hot gases to burn through the external fuel tank and cause it to explode, destroying the shuttle in the process. Extensive efforts were made to improve NASA 's increasingly careless management practices, and to make the shuttle safer.

Flights resumed with the launch of Discovery in September The Soviet manned program went well during the decade, experiencing only minor setbacks. The Salyut 6 space station, launched inwas replaced by Salyut 7 in Then came Mir inwhich ended up operating for more than a decade, and was destined to be the last in the line of Soviet space stations that had begun in One of the Soviet Union's last "superprojects" was the Buran space shuttle ; it was only used once, in The American auto industry began the s in a thoroughly grim situation, faced with poor quality control, rising import competition, and a severe economic downturn.

But the auto makers recovered with the economy byand in auto sales in the United States hit a new record. However, the Japanese were now a major presence, and would begin manufacturing cars in the US to get around tariffs. InHyundai became the first Korean auto maker to enter the American market.

In the same year, the Yugoslavian-built Yugo was brought to the US, but the car was so small and cheap, that it became the subject of jokes. It was sold up towhen economic sanctions against Yugoslavia forex varsity fees its withdrawal from the American market. As the decade progressed, cars became smaller stock market closures history more efficient in design.

InFord design teams began to incorporate aerodynamic styling to decrease drag while in motion. The Thunderbird was one of the first cars to receive these design changes. InFord released the Taurus with a design that was revolutionary among domestic mass market automobiles.

General Motors began suffering free technical analysis software for nse download losses in the late s, partially the result of chairman Roger Smith's restructuring attempts, and partially because of increasingly dated cars.

An example were customers who increasingly purchased European luxury cars rather than Cadillacs. InGM started Saturn the first new American make since the Edselwith the goal of producing high-quality import fighters.

Production would not begin until Chrysler introduced its new compact, front-wheel drive K-cars in Under the leadership of Lee Iacocca, the company turned a profit again the following year, and by paid off its government loans.

A succession of models using this automobile platform followed. The most significant were the minivans in These proved a to be popular and they would dominate the van market for more than a decade. InChrysler purchased the Italian makes of Lamborghini and Maserati. In the same year, Chrysler bought AMC from Renault laying to rest the last significant independent U. The How to get the most money on def jam icon DMC was the brainchild of John DeLoreana flamboyant former GM executive.

Production of the gull-winged sports car began in Northern Ireland in John DeLorean was arrested in Toyota fx with franchise for sale in a 1 hour binary options platform reviews strategy operation where he was attempting to sell cocaine to save his struggling company.

He was acquitted of all charges inbut too late for the DeLorean Motor Company, which closed down in The DMC make money selling shampoo renewed fame afterward as the time machine in the Back to the Future film trilogy.

The imposition of CAFE fuel-mileage standards in spelled the end of big-block engines, but performance cars and convertibles reemerged in the s. Turbochargers were widely used to boost the performance of small cars, and technology from fuel injection began to take over from the widely used application of carburetors by the late s. Iron condor option strategy pdf drive also became dominant.

The eighties marked the best ways to make money in real estate nowra of European brands in North America by the end of the decade. RenaultCitroenand Forex turku auki ceased importation by the end of the decade.

Alfa Romeo would continue until Fiat also ceased imports to North America in the eighties. The s was also an era of tremendous population growth around the world, surpassing even the s and s, thus arguably being the largest in human history. The most prominent events and trends in popular culture td canada trust buy stocks the decade particularly in the Anglosphere include:.

In the United States, MTV was launched and music videos began to have a larger effect on the record industry. Pop artists such as Michael JacksonWhitney HoustonDuran DuranPrinceand Madonna mastered the format and helped turn this new product into a profitable business.

New wave and synthpop were developed by many British and American artists, and became popular phenomena throughout the decade, especially in the early and mid-eighties.

Music grew fragmented and combined into subgenres such as house, goth, and rap metal. The event of numerous new technologies had a significant impact on s music, and led to a distinct how to say earn money in japanese aesthetic that included synthesizer sounds and drum reverb. Duran Duran was the most successful pop band of the s, gaining a massive iconic fan following worldwide with their mega hit songs, eye-catching videos and attractive fashion style.

They fast became multi-platinum superstars. Mega hit songs like " Hungry Like the Wolf " and " The Reflex " became instant top 10 hits globally putting the band at the center of attention for many years to come, even today.

Given their incredible success, Duran Duran has achieved selling over records worldwide. Michael Jackson stock market widget for blogger one of the definitive icons of the s and his leather jacketgloveand Moonwalk dance were often imitated.

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Jackson's album Thriller became—and currently remains—the best-selling album of all time forex pdf ita, with sales estimated by various sources as somewhere between 65 and million copies worldwide. Prince was one of the most popular stars of the s and the most successful chart act of the decade.

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His breakthrough national biodiversity strategy and action plan malta released in produced three top-ten hits and the album itself charted at No 9. His sixth studio album Purple Rain was an international success, boosting Prince to superstardom and selling over 25 million copies worldwide.

The album produced the US No 1. Prince released an album every year for the rest of the decade, all charting within the Top 10, with the exception of Lovesexy. In the global reach stockbrokershe infamously tactical stocks for remington 700 adl his name to an unpronounceable symbol in response to a record dispute with Warner Forex trading ohne hebel. He went on to sell over million records worldwide and win 7 Grammy Award 's.

He died on April 21,at his recording studio and home, Paisley Park in ChanhassenMinnesota from an accidental overdose on the opioid fentanyl. Madonna and Whitney Houston are regarded by many as the abs auto binary signals review groundbreaking female artists of the decade.

The keyboard synthesizer and drum machine were among the most popular instruments in music during the s, especially in new wave music. After the s electronic instruments were no longer popular in rock but continued to be the main component of mainstream pop.

Bythe hip hop scene had evolved, gaining recognition and exhibiting a stronger influence on the music industry. This time period is also considered part of the golden age of hip hop. The Beastie BoysPublic EnemyRun-D.

ALL Cool JDe La SoulA Tribe Called QuestEPMDEric B. Ex-Beatle John Lennon released his last album, Double Fantasyin and won Album of the Year at the Grammy Awards. Country music came to the forefront with youth appeal and record-breaking marks. Groundbreaking artists such as Positional trading system for amibroker and Hank Williams Jr.

The techno style of electronic dance music emerged in DetroitMichiganduring the mid- to late s. The house music style, another form of electronic dance music, emerged in ChicagoIllinoisin the early s. Moneypen paymaker treiber eventually reached Europe before becoming infused in mainstream pop and dance music worldwide.

Punk rock continued to make strides in the irs pub stock options community. With bands leading the significance of this period such as Black FlagBad BrainsMinor ThreatSuicidal TendenciesD. College rock caught on in the underground scene of the s in a nationwide movement with a distinct D. Bands like the PixiesR.

The s also saw the birth of the grunge genre, with the arrival of such bands as SoundgardenGreen RiverMelvinsScreaming TreesMalfunkshunSkin YardThe U-MenBlood CircusNirvana 1929 stock market crash political cartoons, TadMudhoneyMother Love Bone and Alice in Chains who formed inbut did not release their first album until three years later. Several notable music artists died of unnatural causes in the s.

English drummer John Bonham of the rock band Led Zeppelin also died that year in similar fashion. John Lennon was shot outside his home in New York City on the night of December 8, Tim Hardin died of a heroin overdose on December 29, Bob Marley died from a lentiginous skin melanoma on May 11, Marvin Gaye was shot dead by his father at his home in Los Angeles on April 1,one day before what would have been his 45th birthday.

Ozzy Osbourne's guitarist Randy Rhoads died in an airplane crash on March 19, Karen Carpenter died from heart failure caused by her anorexia condition on February 4, Metallica bassist Cliff Burton was killed in a bus accident in Sweden on September 27, Andy Gibb died runescape combat money making guide eoc as a result of myocarditis.

Inthe supergroup, Band Aid was formed to raise aid and awareness of the economic plight of Ethiopia. In 's Live Aid concert, featuring many artists, promoted attention and action to send food aid to Ethiopia whose people were suffering from 1929 stock market crash political cartoons major famine. The s saw the return of studio-driven films, coming from the filmmaker-driven New Hollywood era of the s. The modern Hollywood blockbuster is the most popular film format from the s.

Producer Don Simpson [24] is usually credited with the creation of the high-concept picture of the modern Hollywood blockbuster. The '80s also spawned the Brat Pack films, many of which were directed by John Hughes. Films such as ClassThe Breakfast ClubFast Times at Ridgemont HighMannequinPorky'sPretty in PinkSixteen CandlesSt. Elmo's FireFerris Bueller's Day OffWeird Scienceand Valley Girl were popular teen comedies of the era and launched the careers of several major celebrities such as: Emilio EstevezAnthony Michael HallForest WhitakerJennifer Jason LeighAndrew McCarthyJudd NelsonMolly RingwaldSean PennNicolas Cage and Michael J Fox.

Other popular films included About Last Night Elmo's Fire which also launched the careers of high-profile celebrities like Demi MooreJoe PesciKeanu ReevesKevin BaconRob LowePatrick Swayzeand River Phoenix.

Horror films were a popular genre during the decade, with several notable horror franchises being born during the s. Among the most popular were the Child's PlayA Nightmare on Elm StreetFriday the 13thHellraiserand Poltergeist franchises. Aside from these films, the concept of the B horror film gave rise to a plethora of horror films that went on to earn a cult status.

An example of such is the film The Evil Deadwhich marked the directorial debut of Sam Raimi. Several action film franchises were also launched during the s. The most popular of these were the Beverly Hills CopDie HardLethal Weaponand Rambo franchises. Other action films from the decade which are of notable status include The Terminatorand Predator. These films propelled the careers of modern celebrities such as Arnold SchwarzeneggerBruce WillisEddie MurphyMel Gibsonand Sylvester Stallone to international recognition.

Five more James bond films were released, with Roger Moore continuing in the role in For Your Eyes OnlyOctopussyand A View To A Killbefore handing over the role to Timothy Dalton who starred in The Living Daylights and Licence To Kill. A significant development in the home media business is the establishment of The Criterion Collection inan American company "dedicated to gathering the greatest films from around the world and publishing them in editions that offer the highest technical quality".

Through their releases, they were able to introduce what is now a standard to home video: MTV was launched in the United States in and had a profound impact on the music industry and popular culture further ahead, especially during its early run in the s and early s.

Some of the most popular TV series which premiered during the s or carried over from the s include: AlfAirwolfThe A-TeamThe Love BoatLou GrantThe Incredible HulkToo Close For ComfortThe Dukes of HazzardTrapper John, M.

ElsewhereMacGyverL. LawMagnum, P. ElsewhereThe Cosby ShowHighway To HeavenMurder, She Wrote, MatlockStar Trek: The Next GenerationNight CourtWho's the Boss? The s was the decade of transformation in television. Cable television became more accessible and therefore, more popular.

The s also saw the debut of prime-time soap operas such as Dallasits spin-off Knots LandingDynastyFalcon CrestEastEnders and Neighbours. TV talk shows expanded in popularity; The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson remained popular into its third decade, and some of the most viewed newer shows were hosted by Geraldo RiveraArsenio Hall and David Letterman. The s also was prominent for spawning several popular children's cartoons such as The SmurfsThunderCatsVoltronThe TransformersMasters of the UniverseG.

A Real American HeroInspector GadgetMuppet BabiesTeenage Mutant Ninja TurtlesDuckTalesGarfield and Friendsand Beetlejuice. Popular video games include: Pac-ManSuper Mario Bros. Pac-Man was the first game to achieve widespread popularity in mainstream culture and the first game character to be popular in his own right. Handheld electronic LCD games was introduced into the youth market segment.

The primary gaming computers of the s emerged in Nintendo finally decided in to release its Famicom released in in Japan in the United States under the name Nintendo Entertainment System NES. It was bundled with Super Mario Bros.

The NES dominated the American and Japanese market until the rise of the next generation of consoles in the early s, causing some to call this time the Nintendo era. In Nintendo released the Game Boya monochrome handheld console. The beginning of the decade saw the continuation of the clothing styles of the late s and evolved into heavy metal fashion by the end; This included teased hair, ripped jeans, and neon clothing.

Significant hairstyle trends of the s include the permthe mulletthe Jheri curl ,the hi-top fadeand big hair. Significant clothing trends of the s include shoulder padsjean jacketsleather pants, aviator jacketsjumpsuitsMembers Only jacketsskin-tight acid-washed jeansIzod and "Preppy" polo shirts, miniskirtsleggings and leg warmers popularized in the film Flashdanceoff-the-shoulder shirts, and cut sweatshirts again, popularized in the film Flashdance.

Additional significant trends of the s include headbandsRay-Ban Aviator sunglasses popularized in the film Top GunRay-Ban Wayfarer sunglasses popularized in the films Risky Business and The Blues BrothersSwatch watchesand the Rubik's Cube became a popular fad throughout the decade. Girls also wore jelly shoes, large crucifix necklaces, and braissers all inspired by Madonna's " Like a Virgin " music video.

Tom Bailey of the Thompson Twins in with the trendy Big hair style achieved with liberal applications of mousse and hairspray. According to some journalists, such a trend has been present for a long time but became massive in as evidenced by the popularity of television series like Stranger Things or the musical genres synthwave and synth-pop. The following articles contain brief timelines which list the most prominent events of the decade:.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For decades comprising years 80—89 of other centuries, see List of decades. For other uses, see Eighties disambiguation. Births Deaths By country By topic. Walkman WM-D6C Pro Retrieved 16 April The beginning of the end for British coal". Retrieved 20 December Case-studies of 15 Countries. Archived from the original on August 21, See May 3, The New York Times.

Retrieved 3 January Archived from the original on Awake in the Dark: The Best of Roger Ebert Paperback ed. The University of Chicago Press. Retrieved 26 February In his pluralism, [Roger] Ebert proved a more authentic cinephile than many of his contemporaries. They tied their fortunes to the Film Brats and then suffered the inevitable disappointments of the 's return to studio-driven pictures. Don Simpson and the Hollywood culture of excess.

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